| Values — Week 2 arc |
| Ahimsa — Non-harm (Day 8) | Yoga Sutras 2.30 (Patañjali); Jain tradition (first Mahāvrata); Buddhist Śīla. Related ethical frameworks, not identical formulations. |
| Uparama — Wise withdrawal (Day 9) | Advaita Vedānta; related to Uparati within the ṣaṭ-sampatti (sixfold discipline) tradition; Śaṅkara’s Vivekacūḍāmaṇi. |
| Titiksha — Forbearance (Day 10) | Vedānta ṣaṭ-sampatti; Bhagavad Gītā 2.14; related Buddhist themes of upekkhā (equanimity) and khanti (patience); Jain kṣamā; Sikh dhīraj. Angela Duckworth’s grit research is a modern comparison, not the source of the traditional value. |
| Samādhāna — Steadiness (Day 11) | Advaita Vedānta; ṣaṭ-sampatti; Śaṅkara’s Vivekacūḍāmaṇi. Related modern research: Amishi Jha’s work on attention and mindfulness. |
| Sati — Mindfulness (Day 12) | Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta (Majjhima Nikāya 10; also Dīgha Nikāya 22); Buddhist mindfulness traditions, including Theravāda and Mahāyāna. Appamāda (heedfulness) appears in Dhammapada 21 but is not the direct textual citation for Sati. |
| Shaucham — Inner cleanliness (Day 13) | Yoga Sutras 2.40–41 (Patañjali); Bhagavad Gītā 13.7; related Jain and Sikh traditions of purification. Modern complementary sources: cognitive defusion and mindfulness-based approaches; Lucy Hone’s applied resilience work. |
| Santosa — Contentment (Day 14) | Yoga Sutras 2.42 (Patañjali); Yoga Niyamas. Buddhist upekkhā may be a point of comparison, not an exact synonym. |
| Health content — research anchors |
| Cardiovascular health (Day 8) | Dariush Mozaffarian and Tufts Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy; broader evidence on cardiovascular prevention and lifestyle-related risk. |
| Cancer and neurodegeneration (Day 9) | Lisa Mosconi’s research and public scholarship on brain health and Alzheimer’s disease. Peter Attia’s The Drive is supplementary educational material, not a primary research citation. |
| Movement, diet and sleep (Day 10) | Kelly Starrett and Juliet Starrett, Built to Move (Knopf, 2023); Matthew Walker, Why We Sleep (2017). |
| Stress biology (Day 11) | Robert M. Sapolsky, Why Zebras Don’t Get Ulcers; Lisa Feldman Barrett’s research and scholarship on emotion. |
| Stress mindset and meaning (Day 12) | Crum, Salovey & Achor, “Rethinking Stress: The Role of Mindsets in Determining the Stress Response,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 104(4), 716–733 (2013), doi:10.1037/a0031201. The paper examines stress mindsets. |
| Inner cleanliness and resilience (Day 13) | Lucy Hone’s applied resilience work; Rick Hanson, Hardwiring Happiness; Killingsworth & Gilbert, “A Wandering Mind Is an Unhappy Mind,” Science 330 (2010), doi:10.1126/science.1192439; Amishi Jha, Peak Mind (2021) and research on attention. Each source supports a different topic. |
| Pranayamas — Week 2 arc |
| Box Breathing 4:4:4:4 (Day 8) | Paced/tactical breathing practices and research on controlled breathing and stress regulation. |
| 4-7-8 Breathing (Days 9–11) | Andrew Weil’s popularised 4-7-8 method; broader pranayama tradition and research on slow-paced breathing. Slow breathing may influence autonomic regulation. |
| Kapal Bhati (Days 12–13) | Classical Hatha Yoga tradition; Hatha Yoga Pradipika and traditional ṣaṭkarma (cleansing practices). |
| Meditations — Week 2 |
| Ānāpānasati (Days 8, 11, 13) | Ānāpānasati Sutta, Majjhima Nikāya 118; Buddhist breath-mindfulness tradition. MBSR, developed by Jon Kabat-Zinn, is a modern programme that also uses mindfulness of breathing; it is not the origin of the Buddhist practice. |
| Body Scan (Days 9, 10, 12, 14) | Body scanning is used in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), developed by Jon Kabat-Zinn, and has parallels with body-awareness practices in Vipassanā traditions. Related but not identical in method or context. Empirical anchor: Sparacio et al., “Self-administered mindfulness interventions reduce stress in a large, randomized controlled multi-site study,” Nature Human Behaviour 8, 1716–1725 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41562-024-01907-7. This study found reductions in short-term self-reported stress. |
| Intentional activities — Week 2 |
| Ahimsa self-audit (Day 8) | Positive psychology and self-compassion research; Kristin Neff’s research and resources on self-compassion. |
| Panchakosha reflection (Day 9) | Taittirīya Upaniṣad; Advaita Vedānta. This is a contemporary course adaptation, not a claim that the Upaniṣad prescribes this exact exercise. |
| Patient consistency (Day 10) | Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), associated with Steven C. Hayes; Kristin Neff’s self-compassion research. Complementary modern frameworks. |
| Inner settledness (Day 11) | ACT and cognitive defusion (Steven C. Hayes and colleagues); mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), including Segal, Williams and Teasdale, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Depression (2002). |
| Stress-supportive action (Day 12) | Kelly McGonigal, The Upside of Stress; Alia J. Crum and colleagues’ research on stress mindset; research on social connection and resilience. |
| Inner cleanliness (Day 13) | MBCT; ACT cognitive defusion; Shaucham, Yoga Sutras 2.40–41; Lucy Hone’s applied resilience work, including the helping-or-harming question. |
| Recognising Readiness (Day 14) | Course-designed reflection informed by positive psychology; Santosa, Yoga Sutras 2.42. This is a course activity, not a named intervention from a specific research study. |